Socio-Cultural and Political Significance of Ethnocide to Aeta College Students in Region 3 : Basis for Curriculum Enhancement /
Socio-Cultural and Political Significance of Ethnocide to Aeta College Students in Region 3 : Basis for Curriculum Enhancement / David, Neil D. - 333p. : photos, curriculum vitae ; 27 cm.
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This study aimed to identify the political and socio-cultural significance of ethnocide on the life of the Aeta College students of Region III and the factors considered to a large extent is their origin, their knowledge and practice of their tangible and intangible cultures, their perception on the causes of ethnocide and their degree of agreement on preserving their cultural heritage. The indigenous people under study were the Aetas and were described in terms of their origin, names, habit, language, social structures, livelihood, traditional medicine, religion, spiritual beliefs and community classification. Their knowledge and practice of their tangible and intangible cultures were presented. Likewise, the causes of ethnocide were rated based on participants' perception. They also rated the necessity in preserving their cultures as to what should no longer be used, what should be modified and what should we prepared and taught to the younger generation. The effect of the ethnicity on the social, cultural and political life of the participants was tackled. Enhancement program for the curriculum was presented in this study. There were one hundred and seven college student-participants from the tribes of Ayta magbukon and Ayta Amba of Bataan, Ayta mag-Anchi of Zambales, Ayta Abellen of Tarlac and Ayta Mag-Indi of Pampanga, Tribal elders and leaders serves as informats. The ethnographic descriptive survey analysis was employed for the mode of analysis of the study to document data on tribal origin, religious beliefs and practices, family structures, interrelationships, values, customary laws and traditional crafts and arts. The socio-historical analysis was also used to some extent for the historical events and the experiences of the people involved in the event. And, documentary analysis was employed to review existing documents that relates to customs and political and socio-economic background of the tribal group. The validation by research participants and the triangulation method was used for the Validity of Analysis. The primary data were drawn from responses of the Elders, cultural masters, tribal masters and leaders and student-participants through unstructured interview, focus group discussion and questionnaire. Here are the following findings. The Aeta (Ayta, pronounced Eye-ta) or Agta, indigenous people living in the scattered, isolated mountains parts of the island of Luzon, Philippines. They are considered Negritos. With dark to very dark brown skin. Small stature and fram, curly to kinky hair, small nose and dark brown eyes. They are thought to be among the earliest inhabitants of the Philippines, nomadic on the earliest times, build temporary shelters and were basically hunting and gathering people. Biggest concentration of Aetas are found in mountain ranges of Zanbales, Tarlac, Pampanga, Bataan and Nueva Ecija and five communities were identified based on their dialects - the Abellen Aeta, Mag-Anchi Aeta, Mag-indi Ayta, Ambala Aeta and Magbukon Aeta. All the communities believe and practice the same cultures. It is noteworthy that bigger number of the Aeta Colleges students-participants has well enough knowledge in terms of their material culture, with 27% replied a Very Well knowledge about it and 39% has Well Enough knowledge. This is good indication that many are still aware and mindful of their material culture. However, the remaining 34% around 5 out 107 students who know a little and who do not know about it could post a significant threat aon the awareness of the material culture of the Aeta community as a whole. The practice of Aeta on their Tangible Ethic Culture is alarming because of the continuous incursion and wrong practices of the non-Aeta community on their habitat that may lead to destruction of the environmental resources, thus, wiping out the remaining source of their knowledge. The Aetas knowledge on their intangible culture of the living heritage struggles in between being retained or thrust aside. Those who always practice (20%) and thos who often practice (30%), is evenly balance to those who rarely practice (25%) and thos who don't practice at all (25%). Aetas perceptions of what causes ethnocide are: Preference of modern lifestyle, inability to speak and non-speaking of the native dialect and, the certainty that ethnic culture is not taught in the school. The Aetas firmly believe that much of their intangible ethnic cultures should be preserved, used and taught to younger generation so that it will live and continue be appreciated and treasured not only as part of the history but as essential element of their lives. They strongly agree that preserving their ethnic culture is preserving their identity. 79% of the students are now able to accept who they are and what are their unique marks as human person and as true Filipino. As to the effects of ethnicity to community life of the Aetas, 45% says it has affected much or very much because they believe that they are more unrestricted with their relationship to their family and relatives, they feel welcome by their peers, work easier with officials and live more peacefully with their Non-Aeta neighbors. The 55% who say that ethnicity had not much effect or no effect on their community life rationalized that they neither feel any pressure nor any comfort of being an Aeta. Some Aetas feel and experience the effects of their ethnicity on their daily affairs especially when they are invited on meetings, gatherings, and other big events. They appreciate it so much when they are part of the event. Being appreciative for whatever is being offered to them is their very unique attitude as they not whiners or faultfinders. Effect of ethnicity in the political life of the Aetas is very evident in that they are given priority now by the government, they share equal rights to education as that of non-Aeta and they are also the center of extension programs of the school. There are also programs and laws now pertaining to their right to speak and stand for and in behalf of all the members of the community. The ethnicity of the Aetas is still manifested in their lives as shown in their knowledge and practice of their indigenous culture and their sense of pride and allegiance to their tribe or community affiliation. The government, education-governing bodies and allied forces must have strong commitment, responsibility, advocacy and support to shape each other leaner's mind to education that is acceptable, adaptable, and culturally sensitive and responsive o serve, preserve and enliven the culture of the indigenous people.
Ethnology--2015--Philippines--hardbound.
Include bibliographical references.
This study aimed to identify the political and socio-cultural significance of ethnocide on the life of the Aeta College students of Region III and the factors considered to a large extent is their origin, their knowledge and practice of their tangible and intangible cultures, their perception on the causes of ethnocide and their degree of agreement on preserving their cultural heritage. The indigenous people under study were the Aetas and were described in terms of their origin, names, habit, language, social structures, livelihood, traditional medicine, religion, spiritual beliefs and community classification. Their knowledge and practice of their tangible and intangible cultures were presented. Likewise, the causes of ethnocide were rated based on participants' perception. They also rated the necessity in preserving their cultures as to what should no longer be used, what should be modified and what should we prepared and taught to the younger generation. The effect of the ethnicity on the social, cultural and political life of the participants was tackled. Enhancement program for the curriculum was presented in this study. There were one hundred and seven college student-participants from the tribes of Ayta magbukon and Ayta Amba of Bataan, Ayta mag-Anchi of Zambales, Ayta Abellen of Tarlac and Ayta Mag-Indi of Pampanga, Tribal elders and leaders serves as informats. The ethnographic descriptive survey analysis was employed for the mode of analysis of the study to document data on tribal origin, religious beliefs and practices, family structures, interrelationships, values, customary laws and traditional crafts and arts. The socio-historical analysis was also used to some extent for the historical events and the experiences of the people involved in the event. And, documentary analysis was employed to review existing documents that relates to customs and political and socio-economic background of the tribal group. The validation by research participants and the triangulation method was used for the Validity of Analysis. The primary data were drawn from responses of the Elders, cultural masters, tribal masters and leaders and student-participants through unstructured interview, focus group discussion and questionnaire. Here are the following findings. The Aeta (Ayta, pronounced Eye-ta) or Agta, indigenous people living in the scattered, isolated mountains parts of the island of Luzon, Philippines. They are considered Negritos. With dark to very dark brown skin. Small stature and fram, curly to kinky hair, small nose and dark brown eyes. They are thought to be among the earliest inhabitants of the Philippines, nomadic on the earliest times, build temporary shelters and were basically hunting and gathering people. Biggest concentration of Aetas are found in mountain ranges of Zanbales, Tarlac, Pampanga, Bataan and Nueva Ecija and five communities were identified based on their dialects - the Abellen Aeta, Mag-Anchi Aeta, Mag-indi Ayta, Ambala Aeta and Magbukon Aeta. All the communities believe and practice the same cultures. It is noteworthy that bigger number of the Aeta Colleges students-participants has well enough knowledge in terms of their material culture, with 27% replied a Very Well knowledge about it and 39% has Well Enough knowledge. This is good indication that many are still aware and mindful of their material culture. However, the remaining 34% around 5 out 107 students who know a little and who do not know about it could post a significant threat aon the awareness of the material culture of the Aeta community as a whole. The practice of Aeta on their Tangible Ethic Culture is alarming because of the continuous incursion and wrong practices of the non-Aeta community on their habitat that may lead to destruction of the environmental resources, thus, wiping out the remaining source of their knowledge. The Aetas knowledge on their intangible culture of the living heritage struggles in between being retained or thrust aside. Those who always practice (20%) and thos who often practice (30%), is evenly balance to those who rarely practice (25%) and thos who don't practice at all (25%). Aetas perceptions of what causes ethnocide are: Preference of modern lifestyle, inability to speak and non-speaking of the native dialect and, the certainty that ethnic culture is not taught in the school. The Aetas firmly believe that much of their intangible ethnic cultures should be preserved, used and taught to younger generation so that it will live and continue be appreciated and treasured not only as part of the history but as essential element of their lives. They strongly agree that preserving their ethnic culture is preserving their identity. 79% of the students are now able to accept who they are and what are their unique marks as human person and as true Filipino. As to the effects of ethnicity to community life of the Aetas, 45% says it has affected much or very much because they believe that they are more unrestricted with their relationship to their family and relatives, they feel welcome by their peers, work easier with officials and live more peacefully with their Non-Aeta neighbors. The 55% who say that ethnicity had not much effect or no effect on their community life rationalized that they neither feel any pressure nor any comfort of being an Aeta. Some Aetas feel and experience the effects of their ethnicity on their daily affairs especially when they are invited on meetings, gatherings, and other big events. They appreciate it so much when they are part of the event. Being appreciative for whatever is being offered to them is their very unique attitude as they not whiners or faultfinders. Effect of ethnicity in the political life of the Aetas is very evident in that they are given priority now by the government, they share equal rights to education as that of non-Aeta and they are also the center of extension programs of the school. There are also programs and laws now pertaining to their right to speak and stand for and in behalf of all the members of the community. The ethnicity of the Aetas is still manifested in their lives as shown in their knowledge and practice of their indigenous culture and their sense of pride and allegiance to their tribe or community affiliation. The government, education-governing bodies and allied forces must have strong commitment, responsibility, advocacy and support to shape each other leaner's mind to education that is acceptable, adaptable, and culturally sensitive and responsive o serve, preserve and enliven the culture of the indigenous people.
Ethnology--2015--Philippines--hardbound.