Dedication; Preface; Contents; About the Authors; Chapter 1: A Review and Perspective of Constructed Wetlands as a Green Technology in Decentralization Practices; 1 Introduction; 2 Ecology in CWs; 2.1 Marshy Vegetation; 2.2 Microorganisms/Biofilms; 2.3 Media; 2.4 Oxygen Transfer/Diffusion; 3 Traditional Wetland Systems; 3.1 SF CWs; 3.2 SSF CWs; 4 Process Modification; 4.1 Single Wetland Systems; 4.1.1 Shallow Pond Water Hyacinth System (SPWHS); 4.1.2 Baffled CWs; 4.1.3 Step-Feeding CWs; 4.1.4 Artificial Aeration CWs; 4.1.5 Multilevel (Two-Layer) Drop Aeration CWs; 4.1.6 Tidal Flow (TF) CWs. 10 Biofuels Towards Sustainable Development11 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Greening the Indian Transport Sector: Role of Biodiesel; 1 Introduction; 2 Drivers of Green Transport System; 3 Role of Biodiesel; 4 Policy Framework; References; Chapter 5: Microalgae Biofuels: A Green Renewable Resource to Fuel the Future; 1 Introduction; 2 Biofuel; 2.1 First-Generation Biofuels (FGBs); 2.2 Second-Generation Biofuels (SGBs); 2.3 Third-Generation Biofuels (TGBs); 3 Microalgae Biofuel; 4 International Biofuel Production: Current Scenario; 5 Screening of Potent Microalgae Strains. 2 Historical Perspective of Biofuels3 Generations of Biofuels; 3.1 First-Generation Biofuels; 3.2 Second-Generation Biofuels; 3.3 Third-Generation Biofuels; 3.4 Advanced Biofuels; 4 Types of Biofuels; 4.1 Solid Biofuels; 4.2 Liquid Fuels; 4.2.1 Bioethanol; 4.2.2 Biodiesel; 4.2.3 Bioethers; 4.3 Gaseous Fuels; 4.3.1 Biogas; 4.3.2 Syngas; 5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Biofuels; 5.1 Advantages; 5.2 Disadvantages; 6 Compatibility of Biofuels with Existing Infrastructure; 7 Performance and Emission Characterization of Biofuels; 8 Impact of Biofuels: Environmental Benefits; 9 Global Perspective. 2.2 Biocatalytic Mechanism and Applications2.3 Laccase Production in Agro-Industrial Residues; 3 Laccase-Based Biosensor for Detection of Emerging Pollutants; 3.1 Emerging Pollutants in Water Reservoirs; 3.2 Immobilization Methods; 3.3 Transduction Principles; 3.3.1 Electrochemical Transducers in Environmental Applications; 3.3.2 Optical Transducers in Environmental Applications; 4 Laccase as Biocatalyst for Removal of Emerging Pollutants; 5 Future Perspectives and Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Biofuels for Sustainable Development: A Global Perspective; 1 Introduction. 4.1.7 Biofilm Attachment Surface (BAS) CWs4.2 CWs Combined with Other Technologies; 4.3 Hybrid Systems; 5 Process Performance; 5.1 Organics and Suspended Solids Removal; 5.2 Nitrogen Removal; 5.3 Phosphorous Removal; 6 Environmental Stress Condition; 6.1 High TDS Concentration and Desalination; 6.2 Cold Climate Operation; 7 Future Sustainability of Constructed Wetlands; References; Chapter 2: Laccases: A Blue Enzyme for Greener Alternative Technologies in the Detection and Treatment of Emerging Pollutants; 1 Introduction; 2 Laccase; 2.1 Laccase Source.
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In the present scenario, green technologies are playing significant role in changing the course of nation's economic growth towards sustainability and providing an alternative socio-economic model that will enable present and future generations to live in a clean and healthy environment, in harmony with nature. Green technology, which is also known as clean technology, refers to the development and extension of processes, practices, and applications that improve or replace the existing technologies facilitating society to meet their own needs while substantially decreasing the impact of human on the planet, and reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. The concepts of Green Technologies, if endorsed and pervaded into the lives of all societies, will facilitate the aim of the Millennium Development Goals of keeping the environment intact and improve it for the civilization to survive. Green Technologies and Environmental Sustainability is focused on the goals of green technologies which are becoming increasingly important for ensuring sustainability. This book provides different perspectives of green technology in sectors like energy, agriculture, waste management and economics and contains recent advancements made towards sustainable development in the field of bioenergy, nanotechnology, green chemistry, bioremediation, degraded land reclamation. This book is written for a large and broad readership, including researchers, scientists, academicians and readers from diverse backgrounds across various fields such as nanotechnology, chemistry, agriculture, environmental science, water engineering, waste management and energy. It could also serve as a reference book for graduates and post-graduate students, faculties, environmentalist and industrial personnel who are working in the area of green technologies.