Handbook of environmental engineering /
Rao Y. Surampalli, Tian C. Zhang, Satinder Kaur Brar, Krishnamoorthy Hegde, Rama Pulichala, Mausam Verma
- xix, 556 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm
Includes bibliographical references and index
Machine generated contents note: pt. 1 Environmental Legislation -- ch. 1.0 Environmental Legislation / Rama Pulicharla -- 1.0.1.Introduction to Environmental Legislation -- 1.0.2.Clean Air Act -- 1.0.3.Clean Water Act -- 1.0.4.Safe Drinking Water Act -- 1.0.5.Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act -- 1.0.6.Solid Waste Disposal Act/Resource Conservation and Recovery Act -- 1.0.7.Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act -- 1.0.8.Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act -- 1.0.9.Pollution Prevention Act -- 1.0.10.Toxic Substances Control Act -- 1.0.11.Pesticide Laws -- 1.0.12.National Environmental Policy Act -- pt. 2 Environmental Impact Assessment -- ch. 2.0 Environmental Impact Assessment / R. K. Jain -- 2.0.1.Introduction -- 2.0.2.Legislative Requirements -- 2.0.3.National Environmental Policy Act -- 2.0.4.The National Environmental Policy Act -- Public Law 91-190 (as Amended by PL 94-83) in Detail Note continued: 2.0.5.CEQ Regulations and Environmental Documents -- 2.0.6.Public Participation -- 2.0.7.Environmental Impacts -- 2.0.8.Resource Factors -- 2.0.9.Environmentally Sensitive Areas -- 2.0.10.Alternatives -- 2.0.11.Assessment Preparation and Review -- 2.0.12.NEPA after 45 Years -- 2.0.13.NEPA around the World -- 2.0.14.References -- pt. 3 Air Pollution Control and Management -- ch. 3.1 Introduction to Air Pollution / Hamid Omidvarborna -- 3.1.1.Introduction -- 3.1.2.Brief History of Air Pollution -- 3.1.3.Air Pollutants and Their Sources -- 3.1.4.Air Pollution Index -- 3.1.5.Emission Inventory and Its Development -- 3.1.6.Closing Remarks -- 3.1.7.Acknowledgment -- 3.1.8.References -- ch. 3.2 Air Pollution Monitoring Instrumentation / Srikar Velagapudi -- 3.2.1.Introduction -- 3.2.2.Air Quality Monitoring Networks -- 3.2.3.Design of Air Quality Monitoring Networks -- 3.2.4.Air Quality Emission Monitoring -- 3.2.5.Air Monitoring Instrumentation Note continued: 3.2.6.EPA Air Monitoring Methods -- 3.2.7.Conclusion -- 3.2.8.References -- ch. 3.3 Technology for Air Pollution Control / Hamid Omidvarborna -- 3.3.1.Introduction -- 3.3.2.Techniques without Emission Control Devices -- 3.3.3.Techniques with Use of Emission Control Devices -- 3.3.4.Closing Remarks -- 3.3.5.Acknowledgment -- 3.3.6.References -- ch. 3.4 Air Quality versus Living Quality / Srikar Velagapudi -- 3.4.1.Introduction -- 3.4.2.WHO Air Quality Guidelines: Protocol and Pollutants -- 3.4.3.Sources of Indoor Pollution -- 3.4.4.Causes of Indoor Air Pollution -- 3.4.5.Health Effects of Indoor Air Pollutants -- 3.4.6.Control of Indoor Air Pollution -- 3.4.7.Concluding Remarks -- 3.4.8.Acknowledgments -- 3.4.9.References -- ch. 3.5 Role of Air Pollution in Climate Change and Global Warming: Present Global Scenario / Hamid Omidvarborna -- 3.5.1.Introduction to Weather and Climate Change -- 3.5.2.Measures of Climate Change -- 3.5.3.Greenhouse Effect Note continued: 3.5.4.Calculation of Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies -- 3.5.5.Short-Lived versus Long-Lived Climate Pollutants -- 3.5.6.Measures to Reduce Global Warming -- 3.5.7.Closing Remarks -- 3.5.8.Acknowledgment -- 3.5.9.References -- pt. 4 Potable Water Treatment -- ch. 4.1 Water Sources and Global Issues on Water Scarcity / Rama Pulicharla -- 4.1.1.Introduction -- 4.1.2.Conventional Sources of Potable Water Production -- 4.1.3.Distribution of Freshwater -- 4.1.4.Environmental and Economic Consequences of Water Scarcity -- 4.1.5.Assessment of Water Scarcity -- 4.1.6.Managing Water Scarcity -- 4.1.7.Conclusion -- 4.1.8.References -- ch. 4.2 Potable Water Treatment Processes / A. H. M. Anwar Sadmani -- 4.2.1.Introduction -- 4.2.2.Water Treatment Processes -- 4.2.3.Turbidity Reduction -- 4.2.4.Hardness Reduction -- 4.2.5.Disinfection -- 4.2.6.Adsorption -- 4.2.7.Recarbonation -- 4.2.8.Conclusion -- 4.2.9.References Note continued: 5.1.4.Important Considerations for WWTP Upgrading and Design -- 5.1.5.Conclusion -- 5.1.6.References -- ch. 5.2 Technological Developments in Industrial Wastewater Management / A. D. Latios-Martinez -- 5.2.1.Introduction -- 5.2.2.Industrial Wastewaters: Their Characteristics and Major Treatment Processes -- 5.2.3.New Technological Developments in Industrial Wastewater Treatment/Management -- 5.2.4.Future Aspects and Challenges -- 5.2.5.Conclusion -- 5.2.6.Acknowledgments -- 5.2.7.References -- ch. 5.3 Physicochemical Processes in Wastewater Treatment / Rao Y. Surampalli -- 5.3.1.Introduction -- 5.3.2.Physical Unit Operations for Preliminary/Primary/Secondary Treatment -- 5.3.3.Chemical Unit Processes for Wastewater Treatment -- 5.3.4.Physicochemical Processes for Advanced Wastewater Treatment -- 5.3.5.Applications of Physicochemical Processes in Other Settings -- 5.3.6.Summary -- 5.3.7.References Note continued: 6.1.1.Introduction -- 6.1.2.Risk Assessment and Management: Evolution and Their Relationship -- 6.1.3.Risk Assessment and Waste Analysis -- 6.1.4.Waste Management -- 6.1.5.Conclusion -- 6.1.6.References -- ch. 6.2 Biotransformation of Solid Wastes: Anaerobic Digestion and Composting / Jonathan W. C. Wong -- 6.2.1.Introduction -- 6.2.2.Anaerobic Digestion -- 6.2.3.Composting -- 6.2.4.Research Advancements -- 6.2.5.Technologies and Sustainability -- 6.2.6.References -- ch. 6.3 Incineration Technology for Solid Waste Management / Rundong Li -- 6.3.1.Introduction -- 6.3.2.Mechanisms of Waste Incineration -- 6.3.3.Solid Waste Incineration System -- 6.3.4.Solid Waste Incineration Technology -- 6.3.5.Solid Waste Incineration Parameters -- 6.3.6.Incineration Pollutants -- 6.3.7.Incineration Application -- 6.3.8.Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- 6.3.9.References -- ch. 6.4 Landfill Technologies and Recent Innovations / Tian C. Zhang -- 6.4.1.Introduction Note continued: 6.4.2.Operations and Designed Components of Landfills -- 6.4.3.Types of Landfills -- 6.4.4.Basic Biochemical Processes in Landfills -- 6.4.5.Environmental Issues Related to Landfills -- 6.4.6.Closure and Post-Closure Activities -- 6.4.7.Recent Innovations in Landfill Technology -- 6.4.8.Conclusion -- 6.4.9.References -- ch. 6.5 Landfill Leachate: Characterization, Toxicity Assessment, and Treatment / Rao Y. Surampalli -- 6.5.1.Leachate Generation, Collection, and Characterization -- 6.5.2.Toxicity Assessment of Landfill Leachate -- 6.5.3.Leachate Treatment -- 6.5.4.Summary -- 6.5.5.References -- ch. 6.6 Current Developments in Agricultural Waste Management / Lin Luo -- 6.6.1.Introduction -- 6.6.2.Production -- 6.6.3.Collection -- 6.6.4.Transfer -- 6.6.5.Storage -- 6.6.6.Treatment -- 6.6.7.Utilization -- 6.6.8.Conclusion -- 6.6.9.References -- ch. 6.7 Biorefinery Framework for Waste Valorization and Management / S. Venkata Mohan -- 6.7.1.Introduction Note continued: 6.7.2.Waste Valorization -- 6.7.3.Integrated Waste Biorefinery -- 6.7.4.Future Perspectives and Summary -- 6.7.5.Acknowledgments -- 6.7.6.References -- pt. 7 Hazardous Waste Management -- ch. 7.1 Sources, Characterization, and Disposal/Treatment of Hazardous Waste: Overview / Krishna R. Reddy -- 7.1.1.Introduction -- 7.1.2.Hazardous Waste Characterization -- 7.1.3.Hazardous Waste Sites -- 7.1.4.Hazardous Waste Disposal/Treatment -- 7.1.5.References -- ch. 7.2 Soil: Major Sink for Contaminants / Rosa Galvez-Cloutier -- 7.2.1.Introduction -- 7.2.2.Persistent Organic Pollutants -- 7.2.3.Pharmaceutical Active Compounds -- 7.2.4.Microplastics -- 7.2.5.Engineered Nanoparticles -- 7.2.6.Inorganic Salts -- 7.2.7.Inorganic Fertilizers -- 7.2.8.Trace Metals and Metalloids -- 7.2.9.Inorganic Gaseous Emissions -- 7.2.10.Radionuclides -- 7.2.11.Conclusion -- 7.2.12.References Note continued: 8.1.6.Removal Methods for Toxic Pollutants -- 8.1.7.Conclusion -- 8.1.8.Acknowledgments -- 8.1.9.References -- ch. 8.2 Current Status of Nanowaste Management / Ratul K. Das -- 8.2.1.Introduction -- 8.2.2.Background of NMs/Nanoproducts and Impacts/Management of NWs -- 8.2.3.Current State of Nanowaste Management -- 8.2.4.Life Cycle Assessment of NW Management -- 8.2.5.Regulations and Policy Related to Nanowaste Management -- 8.2.6.Future Perspectives -- 8.2.7.Conclusion -- 8.2.8.References -- ch. 8.3 Impact of Growing Pharmaceutical Pollution on Aquatic Animals / Maximiliano Cledon -- 8.3.1.Introduction -- 8.3.2.Main Sources and Pathways of Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment -- 8.3.3.Effects of Pharmaceuticals on Invertebrates -- 8.3.4.Effects of Pharmaceuticals on Vertebrates -- 8.3.5.Future Perspectives -- 8.3.6.Acknowledgments -- 8.3.7.References -- ch. 8.4 Electronic Waste: Its Sources, Impact, and Management / Rao Y. Surampalli Note continued: 8.4.1.Background of Electronic Waste Generation and Management -- 8.4.2.Categories and Sources of E-Waste -- 8.4.3.Impact of E-Waste -- 8.4.4.E-Waste Management -- 8.4.5.Conclusion -- 8.4.6.References -- ch. 8.5 Impact of Pesticides on Ecosystems, Food Supply, and Human Health / Shampa Sen -- 8.5.1.Overture -- 8.5.2.Impact on the Ecosystem -- 8.5.3.Impact on Food Supply -- 8.5.4.Impact on Human Health -- 8.5.5.Conclusion -- 8.5.6.References -- ch. 8.6 Biofertilizers: Their Effects and Impacts / Karuppan Perumal -- 8.6.1.Introduction -- 8.6.2.Biofertilizers -- 8.6.3.Biodynamic Manures -- 8.6.4.Benefits and Impacts of Biofertilizers -- 8.6.5.Biofertilizer and Carbon Sequestration -- 8.6.6.Conclusion -- 8.6.7.Acknowledgment -- 8.6.8.References -- ch. 8.7 Microplastics: An Emerging Threat to the Environment / Rao Y. Surampalli -- 8.7.1.Introduction -- 8.7.2.Sources, Types, and Applications of Microplastics Note continued: 8.7.3.Fate and Transport of Microplastics in the Environment -- 8.7.4.Impact on Ecosystem and Organisms -- 8.7.5.Detection Methods and Preventive Measures -- 8.7.6.Conclusion -- 8.7.7.Acknowledgments -- 8.7.8.References -- ch. 8.8 Mining Activities and Impacts Management / Esteban Uribe Martin -- 8.8.1.Introduction -- 8.8.2.Potential Environmental Impacts -- 8.8.3.Policy and Regulations on Water Quality with Respect to Mining Activities -- 8.8.4.Acid Mine Drainage and Contaminant Leaching -- 8.8.5.Making Mining More Sustainable -- 8.8.6.Approaches and Methods for Impacts Reduction -- 8.8.7.Conclusion -- 8.8.8.Acknowledgment -- 8.8.9.References -- ch. 8.9 Oil Spillage: Impacts on Ecosystems and Cleanup Approaches / Jean Francois Blais -- 8.9.1.Oil Spillage in Terrestrial Ecosystems and Associated Cleanup Techniques -- 8.9.2.Oil Spillage in Aquatic Ecosystems and Associated Cleanup Techniques -- 8.9.3.Conclusion -- 8.9.4.References Note continued: 9.2.2.Advances in Environmental Molecular Diagnostics and Their Applications -- 9.2.3.Advances in Omics Technologies and Their Applications -- 9.2.4.Summary -- 9.2.5.References -- ch. 9.3 Recent Advances In Sensor Technology for Environmental Applications / Mausam Verma -- 9.3.1.Introduction -- 9.3.2.Advances in Sensing Technologies -- 9.3.3.Development of Intelligent Sensors and Sensor Nodes -- 9.3.4.Improvements in Networking and Communication -- 9.3.5.Improved Data Analysis and Processing -- 9.3.6.Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- 9.3.7.References -- ch. 9.4 Importance of Atmospheric Aerosols and Related Analytical Methods / Ying-Hsuan Lin -- 9.4.1.Environmental and Health Effects of Atmospheric Aerosols -- 9.4.2.Analytical Methods for Chemical Characterization of Atmospheric Organic Aerosols -- 9.4.3.Conclusion -- 9.4.4.Reference -- ch. 9.5 Microbial Risk Assessment In Wastewater Treatment and Management / T. J. M. Rao -- 9.5.1.Introduction Note continued: 9.5.2.Risk Assessment -- 9.5.3.Gaps, Problems and Current Strategies Related to Wastewater Treatment -- 9.5.4.Conclusion -- 9.5.5.Acknowledgment -- 9.5.6.References -- ch. 9.6 Imbalance In Carbon/Nitrogen Dynamics: Effect on Soil Ecosystems / Jean Francois Blais -- 9.6.1.Effect of Dynamic C/N Balance in Ecosystem Stabilization -- 9.6.2.C/N Interactions in Bacterial, Yeast, and Animal Systems -- 9.6.3.Genetic Analyses to Study C/N Balance Response -- 9.6.4.Conclusion -- 9.6.5.References Note continued: ch. 4.3 Occurrence and Treatment of Emerging Contaminants In Drinking Water / Satinder Kaur Brar -- 4.3.1.Introduction -- 4.3.2.ECs and Transformation Products -- 4.3.3.Removal of ECs in Drinking Water Treatment -- 4.3.4.Conclusion -- 4.3.5.References -- ch. 4.4 Membrane Processes for Potable Water Treatment: Overview and Recent Advances / Jimmy C. M. Kao -- 4.4.1.Introduction -- 4.4.2.Overview of Membrane Processes for Potable Water Treatment -- 4.4.3.Recent Advances in Membrane Technology for Potable Water Treatment -- 4.4.4.Energy Consumption/Cost: Trends and Future Perspectives -- 4.4.5.Summary -- 4.4.6.References -- pt. 5 Wastewater Treatment and Reuse -- ch. 5.1 Wastewater Treatment Plant Design: Treatment Processes and Recent Advances / Jimmy C. M. Kao -- 5.1.1.Introduction -- 5.1.2.Established Conventional Wastewater Treatment Technology -- 5.1.3.Recent Advances in Wastewater Treatment Processes and WWTP Design Note continued: ch. 5.4 Current Developments In Management of Wastewater Treatment / Mausam Verma -- 5.4.1.Introduction -- 5.4.2.Sludge Pretreatment -- 5.4.3.Sludge Reuse and Disposal -- 5.4.4.Conclusion -- 5.4.5.References -- ch. 5.5 Technological Developments In Anaerobic Treatment and Management of Municipal Wastewater / Achlesh Daverey -- 5.5.1.Introduction -- 5.5.2.Anaerobic Treatment Coupled with Membrane -- 5.5.3.The Anaerobic Oxidation of Ammonium (Anammox) -- 5.5.4.Microalgal Technology -- 5.5.5.Bioelectrochemical Systems -- 5.5.6.Chemical Treatment of Municipal Wastewater: Applications and Challenges -- 5.5.7.Conclusion -- 5.5.8.References -- ch. 5.6 Technological Developments In Effluent Treatment Plants: Resource Recovery / Tian C. Zhang -- 5.6.1.Introduction -- 5.6.2.Nutrient Removal and Recovery -- 5.6.3.Energy Recovery -- 5.6.4.Emerging Frontiers -- 5.6.5.Comprehensive Approaches -- 5.6.6.Societal Acceptance -- 5.6.7.References Note continued: ch. 5.7 Current Status of Resources/Energy Recovery from Wastewater and Environmental Management / Tian C. Zhang -- 5.7.1.Introduction -- 5.7.2.Agenda for Wastewater Resource Recovery and Wastewater Management -- 5.7.3.Advances in Wastewater Resources/Energy Recovery -- 5.7.4.Advances in Energy Recovery via Other Environmental Management Practices -- 5.7.5.Factors Affecting Wastewater Treatment and Resources Recovery -- 5.7.6.Conclusion -- 5.7.7.Acknowledgments -- 5.7.8.References -- ch. 5.8 Advancements In Wastewater Reuse Practices / Deepak M. Kirpalani -- 5.8.1.Introduction -- 5.8.2.Advancements in Wastewater Reuse Options -- 5.8.3.Advancements in Wastewater Treatment for Reuse -- 5.8.4.Advancements in Adsorption Technology for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse -- 5.8.5.Conclusion and Future Challenges -- 5.8.6.Acknowledgment -- 5.8.7.References -- pt. 6 Solid Waste Management -- ch. 6.1 Solid Waste Management: Overview / Robinson James Note continued: ch. 7.3 Remediation of Contaminated Sites: Technologies and Recent Developments / Mausam Verma -- 7.3.1.Soil Contaminants -- 7.3.2.Land Remediation Techniques -- 7.3.3.Isolation Techniques -- 7.3.4.Physical-Chemical Remediation Processes -- 7.3.5.Bioremediation Processes -- 7.3.6.Recent Developments in Remediation Techniques -- 7.3.7.Selection of Remediation Techniques -- 7.3.8.Conclusion -- 7.3.9.References -- ch. 7.4 Biohazardous and Biomedical Waste Management / Tian C. Zhang -- 7.4.1.Introduction -- 7.4.2.Importance of Biohazardous Waste Management -- 7.4.3.Sources, Generation Rate, and Composition of BHW -- 7.4.4.Exposures to Biomedical Waste -- 7.4.5.Risks Associated with Hazardous Biomedical Waste -- 7.4.6.Biohazardous Waste Management -- 7.4.7.Current Practices toward BHW Management -- 7.4.8.Conclusion -- 7.4.9.Acknowledgments -- 7.4.10.References Note continued: ch. 7.5 Radioactive Waste Management: Storage/Disposal and Impact on Human/Ecosystems / Rao Y. Surampalli -- 7.5.1.Introduction -- 7.5.2.Classification of Radioactive Waste -- 7.5.3.Storage and Treatment of Radioactive Waste -- 7.5.4.Developments in Disposal Strategies for Radioactive Waste -- 7.5.5.Impact of Radiation/Radioactive Waste on Ecosystems -- 7.5.6.Conclusion -- 7.5.7.References -- ch. 7.6 Advances in Remediation Process Optimization and Green and Sustainable Remediation / Rao Y. Surampalli -- 7.6.1.Introduction -- 7.6.2.RPO -- 7.6.3.Green and Sustainable Remediation -- 7.6.4.Summary and Future Perspectives -- 7.6.5.References -- pt. 8 Emerging Wastes in the Environment -- ch. 8.1 Current Status of Water Toxicity Control Strategies / Mausam Verma -- 8.1.1.Introduction -- 8.1.2.Regulation and Legislation -- 8.1.3.Sources of Toxic Chemicals in Water -- 8.1.4.Interventions to Reduce Water Pollution -- 8.1.5.Detection of Toxic Pollutants Note continued: ch. 8.10 Need and Role of Sustainable Green Technologies for the Pollution-Free Environment / Vinayak Laxman Pachapur -- 8.10.1.Green Technology: Introduction -- 8.10.2.Green Technology for Pollution-Free Environment -- 8.10.3.Current Trends and Future Outlook in Green Technology -- 8.10.4.Conclusion -- 8.10.5.References -- pt. 9 Environmental Monitoring and Measurements -- ch. 9.1 Human Exposure to Major Environmental Contaminants: Monitoring Technologies and Exposure Consequences / Joanna Lecka -- 9.1.1.Introduction -- 9.1.2.Monitoring Methodologies for Major Contaminants/Indicators in Environments -- 9.1.3.Consequences of Human Exposure to Major Environmental Contaminants -- 9.1.4.Cell- and Antibody-Based Methods for Risk Assessment -- 9.1.5.Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- 9.1.6.References -- ch. 9.2 Advances In Molecular Technologies and Their Applications In Environmental Monitoring and Measurement / Shankha K. Benerji -- 9.2.1.Introduction
This practical resource offers comprehensive coverage of the latest environmental codes alongside step-by-step remediation procedures. The book features information on all segments of the market, including water, air quality, and hazardous wastes, and enables you to ensure compliance with federal regulations.Handbook of Environmental Engineering fully explains engineering methods and technologies and directly connects them to applicable standards. You will get details on environmental tools such as sensors and monitoring, toxicity controls and treatments, and waste disposal. Measurement data, environmental impact assessments, and real-world examples demonstrate how to apply each technique in the field. -- from publisher's website